Kasutaja:Sassik321/Falcon 9: erinevus redaktsioonide vahel
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150. rida:
'''Falcon 9''' on kaheastmeline keskmise võimekusega orbitaalne kanderakett, mis sai nime esimese astme 9 mootori järgi. Falcon 9 disainis ja ehitas [[SpaceX]]. Falcon 9 on maailma esimene osaliselt taaskasutatav kanderakett.
Praegu kasutuses olev "Full thrust" (maksimaalne tõukejõud) versioon suudab maalähedasele orbiidile viia kuni 22 800 kg kaaluvaid laste ja geosünkroonsele transiidiorbiidile (GTO) viia kuni 8300 kg kaaluvaid laste. Kui rakett lendab taaskasutatavalt, siis väheneb GTO võimekus 5500 kg-ni.<ref name=spacex-capabilities />
==Ajalugu==
===Arendus===
Erinevalt SpaceX-i eelmisest raketist, mis arendati täielikult oma vahenditega, aitas Falcon 9 arendamist kiirendada NASA. NASA finantseeris arendust ja oli valmis tellima mitu lendu, kui teatud eesmärgid täideti. See koostöö algas seemnerahastusega Kaubandusliku orbitaalse transporditeenuse(COTS) programmist aastal 2006.<ref name="NASA COTS-2006" /> Kokku sai SpaceX NASAlt 278 miljonit dollarit, lisaks nõustus NASA ostma kolm demolendu.
NASA hakkas raketi ankurüürnikuks 2008. aastal, kui nad tellisid 12 transpordilendu Rahvusvahelisesse kosmosejaama, lepingu väärtuseks oli 1,6 miljardit dollarit. Lepingu tingimuseks oli demolendude edukus.<ref name="anchor" />
===Testimine===
Leping NASAga nägi ette, et Falcon 9 esimene demolend toimub 2008. aasta septembris ja et kõik kolm demolendu toimuvad 2009. aasta septembriks.<ref name="Space Act" /> Raketi testimine võttis aga oodatust kauem aega ja esimene lend toimus alles 4. juunil 2010. aastal.
Esimene test kus töötasid korraga mitu mootorit toimus 2008. aasta jaanuaris.<ref name="SpaceX 18 January 2008" /> Seejärel suurendati korraga testitavate mootorite hulka järk-järgult, 2008. aasta novembris testiti lõpuks kõiki üheksat mootorit korraga.<ref name="SpaceX November 23, 2008" />
2010. aasta veebruariks oli rakett valmis ja asus läbima katsetusi Kennedy Kosmosekeskuses.<ref name="SpaceX February 25, 2010" /> 9. märtsil plaaniti läbi viia staatiline test, mille käigus testitaks raketti nii, et see ei lahku stardiplatvormilt. Arvutid peatasid testi 2 sekundit enne algust, kuna avastati viga stardiplatvormi heeliumipumpades. Viga parandati ja staatiline test viidi edukalt läbi 13. märtsil.<ref name="universetoday March 13, 2010" />
===Tootmine===
2010. aasta detsembris tootis SpaceX uue Falcon 9 raketi (ja Dragoni kosmosekapsli) iga kolme kuu tagant.<ref name="spacedotcom20101209" />
2013. aasta novembriks oli tootmismaht tõusnud ja nüüd toodeti uus rakett iga kuu, 2014. aasta keskpaigaks oli plaanitud tootmismahtu tõsta 18 raketini aastas ja 2014. aasta lõpuks pidi tootmismaht veel suurenema, 24 raketini aastas. 2015. aasta lõpuks oli plaanitud toota 40 raketti aastas.
219. rida:
| title = Falcon 9 Overview (2010)
| publisher = SpaceX
| access-date =
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101222155322/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php
| archive-date=
}}
</ref>
242. rida:
| url = http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
| publisher = SpaceX
| accessdate =
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131129020000/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
| archivedate=
}}
</ref>
253. rida:
| url = http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
| publisher = SpaceX
| accessdate =
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151209044716/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
| archivedate=
}}
</ref>
264. rida:
|url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
|publisher=SpaceX
|accessdate=
|deadurl=yes
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715094112/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9
|archivedate=
}}
</ref>
277. rida ⟶ 276. rida:
| url = http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities
| publisher = SpaceX
| accessdate =
}}
</ref>
288. rida ⟶ 287. rida:
|last=Musk
|author-link=Elon Musk
|date=
|access-date=
}}
</ref>
299. rida ⟶ 298. rida:
|title=Orbcomm Craft Launched by Falcon 9 Falls out of Orbit
|url=http://spacenews.com/orbcomm-craft-launched-by-falcon-9-falls-out-of-orbit/
|accessdate=
|newspaper=Space News
|date=
|quote=Orbcomm requested that SpaceX carry one of their small satellites (weighing a few hundred pounds, vs. Dragon at over 12,000 pounds)... The higher the orbit, the more test data [Orbcomm] can gather, so they requested that we attempt to restart and raise altitude. NASA agreed to allow that, but only on condition that there be substantial propellant reserves, since the orbit would be close to the space station. It is important to appreciate that Orbcomm understood from the beginning that the orbit-raising maneuver was tentative. They accepted that there was a high risk of their satellite remaining at the Dragon insertion orbit. SpaceX would not have agreed to fly their satellite otherwise, since this was not part of the core mission and there was a known, material risk of no altitude raise.
}}
313. rida ⟶ 312. rida:
|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/12/spacex-rtf-core-return-attempt-og2/
|website=NASASpaceFlight
|accessdate=
|date=21
|quote=The launch also marked the first flight of the Falcon 9 Full Thrust, internally known only as the "Upgraded Falcon 9"
}}
325. rida ⟶ 324. rida:
|title=SpaceX successfully launches debut Falcon 9 v1.1
|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2013/09/spacex-debut-falcon-9-v1-1-cassiope-launch/ |publisher=NASASpaceFlight
|accessdate=
}}
</ref>
334. rida ⟶ 333. rida:
|url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php
|publisher=SpaceX
|accessdate=
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501002858/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php
|archivedate=
}}
</ref>
343. rida ⟶ 342. rida:
{{cite press
| publisher = SpaceX
| date =
| title = SpaceX Falcon 9 Upper Stage Engine Successfully Completes Full Mission Duration Firing
| url = http://www.spacex.com/press/2012/12/19/spacex-falcon-9-upper-stage-engine-successfully-completes-full-mission-duration
355. rida ⟶ 354. rida:
| work = Mission Set Database
| publisher = NASA GSFC
| accessdate =
}}
</ref>
<ref name="NASA COTS-2006">
{{cite web
|url=https://www.nasa.gov/offices/c3po/about/cots_demo_competition.html
|title=COTS 2006 Demo Competition
|date=18.01.2006
|publisher=NASA
|accessdate=31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
<ref name="anchor">
{{cite pr
|author=SpaceX
|url=http://www.spacex.com/news/2013/02/09/spacexs-dragon-spacecraft-successfully-re-enters-orbit
|title=SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft successfully re-enters from orbit
|date=15.12.2010
|access-date=31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Space Act">
{{cite web
|url=https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/pdf/189228main_setc_nnj06ta26a.pdf
|title=Space Act Agreement between NASA and Space Exploration Technologies, Inc., for Commercial Orbital Transportation Services Demonstration
|date=30.05.2006
|publisher=NASA
|accessdate=31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
<ref name="SpaceX 18 January 2008">
{{cite press
| url = http://www.spacex.com/press.php?page=35
| title = SpaceX Conducts First Multi-Engine Firing of Falcon 9 Rocket
| date = 18.01.2008
| publisher = SpaceX
}}
</ref>
<ref name="SpaceX November 23, 2008">
{{cite press
| date = 23.11.2008
| url = http://www.spacex.com/press.php?page=20081123
| title = SpaceX successfully conducts full mission-length firing of its Falcon 9 launch vehicle
| publisher = SpaceX
}}
</ref>
<ref name="SpaceX February 25, 2010">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.spacex.com/updates.php
| title = Updates
| date = 25.02.2010
| work =
| publisher = SpaceX
| accessdate = 31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
<ref name="universetoday March 13, 2010">
{{cite news
| url = http://www.universetoday.com/2010/03/13/successful-engine-test-firing-for-spacex-inaugural-falcon-9/
| title = Successful Engine Test Firing for SpaceX Inaugural Falcon 9
| last = Kremer
| first = Ken
| date = 13.03.2010
| work =
| publisher = Universe Today
| accessdate = 31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
<ref name="spacedotcom20101209">
{{cite web
|url=https://www.space.com/10443-spacex-ceo-elon-musk-master-private-space-dragons.html |title=Q & A with SpaceX CEO Elon Musk: Master of Private Space Dragons
|date=08.12.2010
|author=Denise Chow
|publisher=Space.com
|accessdate=31.10.2017
}}
</ref>
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